Dynamics of threads and polymers in turbulence: power-law distributions and synchronization

Author(s)
Itzhak Fouxon, Harald Posch
Abstract

We study the behavior of threads and polymers in a turbulent flow. These objects have finite spatial extension, so the flow along them differs slightly. The corresponding drag forces produce a finite average stretching and the thread is stretched most of the time. Nevertheless, the probability of shrinking fluctuations is significant and is known to decay only as a power law. We show that the exponent of the power law is a universal number independent of the statistics of the flow. For polymers the coil-stretch transition exists: the flow must have a sufficiently large Lyapunov exponent to overcome the elastic resistance and stretch the polymer from the coiled state it takes otherwise. The probability of shrinking from the stretched state above the transition again obeys a power law but with a non-universal exponent. We show that well above the transition the exponent becomes universal and derive the corresponding expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate synchronization: the end-to-end distances of threads or polymers above the transition are synchronized by the flow and become identical. Thus, the transition from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior in dilute polymer solutions can be seen as an ordering transition.

Organisation(s)
Computational and Soft Matter Physics
External organisation(s)
Tel Aviv University
Journal
Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment
Volume
2012
No. of pages
24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2012/01/P01022
Publication date
2012
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
103036 Theoretical physics
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/265ce587-5dc6-48e2-bf5e-18fa4a738b48